Why Are Chequered Flags Used in Racing?

The iconic black and white colours in a chequerboard pattern are internationally recognised as the symbol of completion in racing. However, its origin remains a mystery with many theories surrounding the history behind its tradition.

The earliest photographic documentation of a chequered flag in use was taken at the 1906 Vanderbilt Cup Race in New York. The picture shows Fred Wagner, the official race starter, waving what is believed to be the first chequered flag used to signify the end of the auto race, as the winning driver, Louis Wagner won in a Darracq V8. The race, known as the greatest Vanderbilt Cup Race, was hampered by spectator fatality. Louis Wagner said it was “certainly the most nerve-wrenching contest in motoring history” from the horror of racing through public roads crowded with people.

While this proves that the use of the chequered flag dates back over a century ago, there is still no definitive explanation behind its use, and why. This has given rise to many postulations and theories, which we will explore below.

1. It’s Time to Eat!

Probably the most interesting theory of its origin dates back to the 1800s—at a time when cars had not existed yet. Horseback racing was a pastime in the American Midwest, and there would be huge meals cooked up and served on the race grounds where everyone would gather to eat. As a signal that food was ready, a chequered tablecloth commonly used in that era would be waved to indicate that it was dinnertime and that the horse racing competitions should end. The tradition is believed to have lasted through time and carried on even when cars replaced horses.

2. Visible Colour Contrast

In the early days of racing, tracks were dirt roads, with dust and dirt clouding the air, hampering visibility especially at high speeds. The bold contrasts the chequered black-and-white flag offered was easy for racers to spot, making it the perfect marker for the finish line.

3. A Visual Pun

Even a book has been written on this—”Origin of the Checker Flag: A Search for Racing’s Holy Grail”, written by Fred Egloff, links the iconic chequered flag to the Glidden Tour Race of 1906, held just a few months before the previously mentioned Vanderbilt Cup. In this endurance race, drivers had to stop every 25 miles at designated checkpoints where a “checker” would account for the arrival and departure of each car, checking for their adherence to rules that disallowed replacements of parts and required compliance to speed limits. These checking stations were marked by a chequered flag.

Which theory do you think is the likeliest?